| DISTRIBUTION OF DON / NIV CHEMOTYPES | |
| Isolates of Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium
graminearum can be categorised depending on the type B trichothecene they
produce. Some isolates produce deoxynivalenol (DON chemotypes) while others
produce nivalenol (NIV chemotypes). DON chemotypes can be further divided depending
on where DON is acetylated, with 3-acetyl DON producers termed IA and 15-acetyl
DON producers IB. | |
| Isolates of F. culmorum and F. graminearum have been collected
from the Defra funded disease survey of winter wheat since 1998 (Crop Monitor
since 2003). These isolates were chemotyped using PCR analysis and the frequency/distribution
of each chemotype determined. | |
| F. culmorum | |
| Both DON and NIV chemotypes were present in the F. culmorum population,
with the DON chemotype predominating overall (59 % DON c.f. 41 % NIV). All DON
chemotypes produced 3-acetyl DON. | |
| Differences in the distribution of
the two chemotypes were seen, with a greater proportion of NIV chemotypes found
in the south and west of England and Wales, and a greater proportion of DON
chemotypes in the north and east of England (see map 1). | |
| For further details see Jennings et al. (2004). Plant Pathology, 53,182-190 | |
|
Map 1: Distribution of F. culmorum chemotypes |
 |
| F. graminearum | |
| Both DON and NIV chemotypes were also present in the F. graminearum
population, with the DON chemotype again predominating overall (76 % DON c.f.
24 % NIV). The vast majority of the DON chemotypes produced 15-acetyl DON, however
a small proportion produced 3-acetyl DON. | |
| The differences seen in chemotype distribution in the F. culmorum population
were not present in F. graminearum (see map 2) | |
| For further details see Jennings et al. (2004). Plant Pathology, Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2004.01061.x | |
|
Map 2: Distribution of F. graminearum chemotypes |
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